current issues in counselling psychology

counseling and therapy, often called the fourth force in helping. Guidance by legal or regulatory bodies is also lacking, especially in terms of global or international regulation of cross-border practice, and the absence of specific ethical guidelines or codes of conduct for online psychotherapy leaves many ethical questions unanswered [see (42)]. Javascript must be enabled for the correct page display, Watch videos from a variety of sources bringing classroom topics to life, Explore hundreds of books and reference titles. Meanwhile, the field is becoming more diverse, and technology is changing our research, teaching and practice. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Even if they decide not to offer such services themselves, they should be equipped to provide information about online psychotherapy that enables patients to make a well-considered decision about using such services. They should take a break from counseling clients if their ability to counsel effectively is impaired. Applied Psychology: Current Issues and New Directions. The comparability to in-person treatment might be questioned and some fear danger to the image of psychotherapy. Online psychotherapy may contribute to internet overuse and ultimately internet addiction [see (47)], potentially increasing social isolation [see (84)] and exposure to unregulated and misleading health-related or other information [see (85)]. It is divided into seven parts. Globalization and Counseling: Professional Issues for Counselors Oct 6, 2014 | Article, Volume 2 - Issue 2 Sonya Lorelle, Rebekah Byrd, Stephanie Crockett Scholars have examined globalization for many years in terms of its impact on individuals, but it remains a concept not often discussed in the counseling literature. Harwood TM, Pratt D, Beutler LE, Bongar BM, Lenore S, Forrester BT. Using technology in mental health practice, Evolving standards of care in the age of cybertechnology, Internet- und mobilgesttzte Interventionen bei psychischen Storungen: Implementierung in Deutschland aus ethischer Sicht [Internet and mobile-assisted interventions in mental disorders: Implementation in Germany from an ethical perspective]. Hilgart M, Thorndike FP, Pardo J, Ritterband LM. Reforming Punishment: Psychological Limits to the Pains of Imprisonment. Many issues arise in relation to online psychotherapy conducted across state or national borders, including legislative, licensing, and cultural differences [see (30)]. As a growing number of patients seek online psychotherapy, therapists must consider the related ethical issues (3) and should be able to participate in this ethical discussion (9). Bayne, Rowan and Ian Horton, editors. This is advantageous for both therapist and patient, enabling immediate and timely care [see (3)]. Most counselors have an appreciation for the possibility and diversity of ethical issues, but it's easy to think they'll never happen to you. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. You must have a valid academic email address to sign up. Additionally, online psychotherapy offers new opportunities for research, teaching, and supervision, enhancing the informed consent process, offering new opportunities through the use of social media and might give good assistance in emergency situations. Without that deeper understanding, the risks and benefits reviewed here remain anecdotal and qualitative, with only limited validity (92). Therapists who provide an online service may be more exposed to litigation and increased liability, as for example in cross-border cases [see (29)]. Chaet D, Clearfield R, Sabin JE, Skimming K. Ethical practice in telehealth and telemedicine, Ethical considerations in providing mental health services over videoteleconferencing. Currently, a number of highly challenging issues continue to confront counseling psychology. The . As a school counselor, you'll want to make sure your school district is involved in closing achievement and opportunity gaps. The informed consent process can be enhanced by online communicationfor example, web pages can be revisited (56), with links to additional information resources or technical material and translation into different languages [see (57)]. ). Questions also arise as to whether an emergency or crisis situation involving threat to self or others can be detected and addressed where patient and therapist are at different locations [see (67)]. At present, standards are not well defined, and there are few training or education programs for online psychotherapy, which is not included in most traditional curricula [see (64)]. The Counseling Psychologist Impact Factor: 5-Year Impact Factor: SUBMIT PAPER The Counseling Psychologist (TCP) focuses on timely topics in such diverse areas as multiculturalism and cross-cultural competency, research methods, vocational psychology, assessment, international counseling and research, prevention and | View full journal description For instance, it may be unclear whether the therapy is seen to take place at the patient's or the therapist's location, raising such questions as which jurisdiction is responsible when a problem arises or which regulates professional practice in the event of a violation [see (75)]. Swenson J.E., III, Smothermon J, Rosenblad SR, Chalmers B. The provision of psychotherapy over distance using technology is a growing market reaching many patients and therefore the risks and benefits need to be known by all psychotherapists whether they themselves practice online or not. Bayne, Rowan, and Ian Horton, eds. Many authors claim that there is insufficient research in support of online psychotherapy or that there are too many knowledge gaps, especially with regard to effectiveness, efficacy, and long-term outcomes and as compared to in-person treatment [see (30)]. Services can be accessed anywhere and at any time, allowing greater flexibility [see (13)]. technical, legal), online psychotherapy requires a particular form of informed consent [see (71)]. Among negative issues, one of the most widely discussed is the absence of non-verbal cues in the therapeutic interaction, especially when using text-based media but also when using telephone or videoconferencing, which may lead to misunderstandings and miscommunication [see (20)]. Learn More about Embedding icon link (opens in new window). Please log in from an authenticated institution or log into your member profile to access the email feature. The socio-economic impact of telehealth: A systematic review, Online anonymous discussion between service users and health professionals to ascertain stakeholder concerns in using e-health services in mental health, The ethics of e-mail communication in psychiatry. The mental health professional and the new technologies: A handbook for practice today, The use of telephone and on line technology in assessment, counseling, and therapy, Telehealth: Implications for social work practice. New communication skills are needed and particular attention must be paid to the development of the therapeutic relationship regarding the many boundary issues that might occur. If trained psychotherapists choose not to participate in the new and emerging field of online psychotherapy, it seems likely that charlatans will emerge to meet the ever-growing demand, perhaps driving professional psychotherapists out of the market (37). Maintaining Confidentiality Psychologys response to technology in mental health, Application of ethics for providing telemedicine services and information technology, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00993/full#supplementary-material, Increased access, availability and flexibility, Therapy benefits and enhancements in communication, Convenience, satisfaction, acceptance and increased demand, Eliminating barriers to engage in psychotherapy, Patient empowerment and increased patient control, Adaptability of services and personalized care, Unethical not to provide online psychotherapy, Privacy, confidentiality and security issues, Image, tradition and therapists' attitude, Dependence and loss of control by the patient. Smucker Barnwell S, McCann R, McCutcheon S. The duty to protect: Ethical, legal, and professional considerations for mental health professionals, Review of technology in counselling and psychotherapy: A practitioners guide, Introduction to this special issue: The internet, cybertechnology and the law. Because technology often creates a sense of permanent access, this may become a problem, as the therapist cannot and will not guarantee this [see (60)]. Ebert DD, Van Daele T, Nordgreen T, Karekla M, Compare A, Zarbo C, et al. Reed RN, Messler EC, Coombs TE, Quevillon RP. This introductory chapter discusses current issues in psychotherapy theory. Background: Committing to attendance at personal therapy sessions is frequently either mandated or encouraged in many different types of therapeutic trainings across allied health, psychotherapy, social work and counseling. The .gov means its official. As it may be difficult to verify the identity of the patient (or the therapist) online, deception or fraud is a possibilityfor example, a therapist might inadvertently treat a minor without parental consent [see (64)]. Table 1 Reducing barriers to engaging in psychotherapy by reducing stigma, being able to attend online sessions anonymously thus enhancing a sense of privacy, reaching patients worldwide and across borders are other advantages of online psychotherapy. Discover trustworthy and timely resources in American government, politics, history, public policy and current affairs. Since the late 1990s, a growing body of research has addressed issues related to online psychotherapy. Of 24 ethical arguments in favor of online psychotherapy and 32 against, the top five ethical arguments in favor of online psychotherapy were (1) increased access to psychotherapy and service availability and flexibility; (2) therapy benefits and enhanced communication; (3) advantages related to specific client characteristics (e.g. The remaining 173 related to communication technologies in general rather than any specific technology or mode of communication. Join us August 3-5 for APA 2023! Citation Domke, J. Features of this book include: (1) Use of current research, theory, and applications to provide contemporary review of key issues counselors face in everyday practice, may encounter while in training, or that are emerging as innovations within the counseling fields of practice; (2) Use of case vignettes throughout all chapters to present example. Debriefing: It is the responsibility of the researcher to ensure that a participant is not psychologically or emotionally affected after participating in the research. McClure RF, Livingston RB, Livingston KH, Gage R. Between strangers: The practice of medicine online, E-therapy: Contemporary tool in psychotherapy, Internet psychotherapy: Current status and future regulation, Social work in a digital age: Ethical and risk management challenges, Utilizing distance technology for mental health counseling. JS and MT designed the review and developed the search strategy. Heinlen KT, Welfel ER, Richmond EN, O'Donnell MS. Google Scholar American Psychological Association . Internet videoconferencing for patient-clinician consultations in long-term conditions: A review of reviews and applications in line with guidelines and recommendations. In future systematic research on efficacy, effectiveness, and efficiency of online psychotherapy is needed and practice guidelines, legal and ethical frameworks need to be developed. Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Edited by: Cynthia H. Y. Fu, University of East London, United Kingdom, Reviewed by: Warren Mansell, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Janardhan Y. C. Reddy, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, India, This article was submitted to Psychological Therapies, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry. As a single therapist can reach more patients, especially in underserved populations [see (32)], long waiting lists for face-to-face treatment can be reduced [see (33)], offering a possible solution to the workforce shortage in mental health provision [see (34)]. For these reasons, online psychotherapy may not be appropriate for all therapeutic approaches and modalities [see (66)]. Becoming Qualified: Individual Journeys to Professional Practice, Some Issues and Practicalities of Private Practice, Appendix 2: A Note on Continuing Professional Development, The Rise of the Evidence-Based Practice Movement, Rhetoric, Reality and Practice: Three Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice in Applied Psychology, Tensions and Dilemmas in Negotiating the Relationship between Research, Theory and Practice, Beyond Evidence: Research as a Form of Learning within the Community of Practice, Implications of Sexism in Sexual Violence Research for the Applied Psychologist, Feminist Theory and Method as Useful in Informing Research and Practice, Occupational and Organizational Psychology, The Dynamism of Modern Applied Psychology, https://sk.sagepub.com/books/applied-psychology, CCPA Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Online psychotherapy might even improve and extend the therapeutic relationship. Ponomarenko Pages: 372-384 Published online: 30 Mar 2022 52 Views 0 CrossRef citations 0 Altmetric Article Online psychotherapy can be especially useful for clients living in geographically remote, rural, or otherwise underserved areas where few or no therapists are available [see (21)], as well as for homebound or mobility-impaired patients [see (22)]. 2 The Building Blocks to Portability Project from the 20 /20: A Vision for the Future of Counseling profession -wide initiative. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Further research in the fast growing field of online psychotherapy seems vital. Online psychotherapy creates new challenges to therapist competences which brings about the need for new forms of training and education, especially technological competences regarding many technical issues that might occur. Anti-Discrimination Policies. An Integral Approach to Counseling An integral approach to counseling and psychotherapy provides a comprehensive, integrated, and non-reductionist perspective of the evolution of counseling and psychotherapy theories and practices. Supplemental Material Please save your results to "My Self-Assessments" in your profile before navigating away from this page. In the context of crisis and suicide prevention, suicide hotlines and other forms of telephone emergency care are long established and proven practices [see (37)]. Data security may also be compromised when technology fails [see (62)], with potential breaches of confidentiality that might extend beyond the therapist's control [see (63)]. Applied Psychology: Current Issues and New Directions. The chapter provides suggestions of videos that illustrate their approach. The findings may be of help to practitioners in deciding whether to engage in online psychotherapy, and in informing patients about risks and benefits, improving ethical guidelines, and stimulating further ethical discussion. and transmitted securely. Online psychotherapy may make it more difficult to maintain professional boundaries, posing a threat to the professional relationshipfor example, an interaction mediated by technology might seem social, conversational, or less formal, and the flexibility of location and time might lead to communication in inappropriate locations or at odd times, as the therapist might be tempted to communicate while on holidays, traveling, or while ill [see (26)]. are easily integrated into therapy [see (19)]. Usefulness of videoconferencing in psychiatric emergenciesa qualitative study. Have you created a personal profile? government site. The main ethical arguments were extracted from the selected publications by JS, clustering text passages according to main topics. This review has a number of limitations. View or download all content my institution has access to. The site is secure. Online psychotherapy can be provided from anywhere, without regard to geographical boundaries, state lines, national borders, or time-zones, allowing therapists to reach patients who are, for instance, temporarily abroad [see (19)]. The various terms used to describe such services generally refer to psychotherapy delivered remotely using some form of communication technology. Many authors have expressed doubts in this regard, to the extent that some believe online services may prevent patients from seeking more suitable traditional therapy [see (56)]. Unsurprisingly, then, demand and interest is on the increase among both patients and practitioners [see (29)]. Technology-mediated communication can contribute positively to teaching and supervision and facilitates inter-professional and inter-collegial exchange worldwide [see (39)]. SAGE Publications Ltd, https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446279151. Is it effective? . Publication titles and abstracts were screened according to defined selection criteria (for details, see Publication Selection Criteria in official website and that any information you provide is encrypted If a therapist were to miss some important item of clinical information, the whole diagnostic process and psychological assessment could be impaired [see (28)]. The Journal of Counseling Psychology publishes empirical research in the areas of counseling activities (including assessment, interventions, consultation, supervision, training, prevention, psychological education, and advocacy) career and educational development and vocational psychology Telephone counseling: Are offices becoming obsolete? De Weger E, Macinnes D, Enser J, Francis SJ, Jones FW. Online psychotherapy seems especially appropriate for patients with mild or moderate symptoms [see (24)], but might also be a viable tool for patient in acute crisis with no possibility for immediate in-person care [see (25)]. Any stigma, stigmatization, or perceived stigma associated with seeking mental help services or concerns about being stereotyped can be reduced or eliminated by online psychotherapy. Bayne, Rowan, and Ian Horton. Kotsopoulou A, Melis A, Koutsompou VI, Karasarlidou C. Ethical and legal considerations for providers of mental health services online, Online counseling: A handbook for mental health professionals, Ethical concerns for telemental health therapy amidst governmental surveillance, Establishing a telemental health practice, A practitioners guide to telemental health: How to conduct legal, ethical, and evidence-based telepractice, Ethical telepractice with diverse populations, Ethical, legal, and other risk management considerations, Overview of telemental health technologies. Bolle SR, Trondsen MV, Stensland GO, Tjora A. One of the biggest and most discussed disadvantages of using psychotherapy is the risks with regard to privacy, confidentiality, and data security. Golkaramnay V, Wangemann T, Dogs J, Dogs P, Kordy H. Neue Brcken fr Lcken in der psychotherapeutischen Versorgung durch das Internet: Hoffnungen, Herausforderungen und ein Lsungsansatz [New bridges for gaps in psychotherapeutic service provision by the Internet: Hopes, challenges and a solution], Medical Internet ethics: A field in evolution, Internet-based mental health services in Norway and Sweden: Characteristics and consequences, Admin Policy In Ment Health Ment Health Serv Res, Counseling on the information highway: Future possibilities and potential problems, E-mail therapy for anorexia nervosa: Prospects and limitations. ). 18 Nov 2022 Counseling Ethics Code: 10 Common Ethical Issues & Studies 30 Jul 2021 by William Smith, Ph.D. Scientifically reviewed by Gabriella Lancia, Ph.D. Another important issue is whether insurers will cover online psychotherapy in general, as well as instances of malpractice or liability, which may become especially complicated across state or national borders [see (68)]. The Joint Task Force for the Development of Telepsychology Guidelines for Psychologists (2) define telepsychology as [] the provision of psychological services using telecommunication technologies [] (p. 792), which may be synchronous (real-time) or asynchronous, including [] telephone, mobile devices, interactive videoconferencing, e-mail, chat, text, and Internet [] (p. 792). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Online psychotherapy can improve and enhance access to health care services and evidence-based care, especially for those living in rural or remote areas and populations that are underserved for other reasons [see (12)]. Review of use of asynchronous technologies incorporated in mental health care, The development of ethical guidelines for online counselling and psychotherapy, Web-based behavioral therapies for mental disorders, Cybersuicide: Review of the role of the Internet on suicide, Preparing for the telehealth world: Navigating legal, regulatory, reimbursement, and ethical issues in an electronic age, The practice of tele-mental health: Ethical, legal, and clinical issues for practitioners, Online counseling: New entity, new challenges, Utilizing technological innovations to enhance psychotherapy supervision, training, and outcomes, Social work practice and technology: Ethical issues and policy responses, E-Mental-Health: Neue Medien in der psychosozialen Versorgung [E-mental-health: The use of new technologies in psychosocial care], Remote hovering with individuals with psychotic disorders and substance use: Feasibility, engagement, and therapeutic alliance with a text-messaging mobile interventionist. Unresolved jurisdiction and few or no specific laws governing licensing, certification, training and education, informed consent, and cross-border practice are problematic issues for online psychotherapy [see (74)]. Coyle D, Doherty G, Matthews M, Sharry J. 1. The collection of publications in August 2019 in the three databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science and selection according to the selection criteria resulted in a final sample of 249 publications. (1982). London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2003. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446279151. Bullying: Current Issues of Commissioning and Carrying out of Expert Psychological Evidence in Court Vitalii O. Khodanovych, Olesia V. Khodanovych, Valeriia O. Smirnova & Anna Yu. Ignatowicz A, Atherton H, Bernstein CJ, Bryce C, Court R, Sturt J, et al. American Psychologist, 28,933. Blom K, Tillgren HT, Wiklund T, Danlycke E, Forssn M, Sderstrm A, et al. eds., 2003. Regueiro V, McMartin J, Schaefer C, Woody JM. As compared to traditional in-person therapy, it may provide more immediate access to services, and disclosure of suicidal or homicidal tendencies may be easier online [see (19)]. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). (Eds.) The search code was validated by an expert librarian at the University of Zurich. In particular, the therapist would require knowledge of ethical approaches and guidelines, as well as specific legal requirements and policies [see (18)]. Telemedicine: Medical, legal and ethical perspectives, E-therapy: Practical, ethical, and legal issues, Online therapy: Review of relevant definitions, debates, and current empirical support, Medical professionalism in the Internet age. Canning S, Hauser MJ, Gutheil TG, Bursztajn HJ. Mobile interventions for severe mental illness: Design and preliminary data from three approaches, Online therapy: A therapists guide to expanding your practice, Perceived risks and benefits of emerging technologies in professional psychology. The specific setting of online psychotherapy gives the therapist more freedom and offers physical protection, but might also protect the patient from breaches of intimacy boundaries and enhance the accountability of both patient and therapist. Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions: Applications, efficacy, and potential for improving mental health: A report of the EFPA E-Health Taskforce, Psychoanalyse via Internet: Aktueller Stand der Diskussion um Mglichkeiten und Grenzen [Psychoanalysis via internet: Current state of the discussion on possibilities and limitations]. Does Current Theory Serve Current Practice? This content is disabled due to your privacy settings. In terms of technological modality, these included email (13), telephone (5), videoconferencing (28), text-based methods including email and chat (14), email and text messages via cellphone (3), mobile phones (3), text messages (1), email and social media (2), and videoconferencing and mobile phones (6). This affords new opportunities for creative approaches involving different models of therapy and technological modalities, and additional online material (websites, videos, etc.) Ethical and legal considerations for Internet-based psychotherapy, Acceptability of Internet treatment of anxiety and depression, Keeping up the good work: A practitioner"s guide to mental health ethics, Therapeutic boundaries in telepsychology: Unique issues and best practice recommendations, The ethical implications of using technology in psychological testing and treatment, Ethical Hum Psychol Psychiatry: Int J Crit Inq, Telepsychiatry and the meaning of in-person contact: A preliminary ethical appraisal, Ethical practice online: An exploration of provider liability risk among practitioners in the emerging field of online therapy, Technological advances and telehealth: Ethics, law, and the practice of psychotherapy.

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